post MODERN ARCHITECTURE___

influential ARCHITECTS

Aldo Rossi Ricardo Bofill John Burgee Santiago Calatrava Terry Farrell Michael Graves Helmut Jahn Jon Jerde Philip Johnson Ricardo Legorreta Frank Gehry Charles Moore William Pereira Boris Podrecca Cesar Pelli Paolo Portoghesi Antoine Predock Tomás Taveira Robert A.M. Stern James Stirling Robert Venturi Peter Eisenman Mario Botta James Wines  and Sculpture in the Environment

McCormick Tribune

CHANGING PEDAGOGIES

Bank of America Center Houston

Critics of the re­duc­tion­ism of mod­ernism often noted the aban­don­ment of the teach­ing of ar­chi­tec­tural his­tory as a causal fac­tor. The fact that a num­ber of the major play­ers in the shift away from mod­ernism were trained at Prince­ton University's School of Ar­chi­tec­ture, where re­course to his­tory con­tin­ued to be a part of de­sign train­ing in the 1940s and 1950s, was not in­signif­i­cant. The in­creas­ing rise of in­ter­est in his­tory had a pro­found im­pact on ar­chi­tec­tural ed­u­ca­tion. His­tory courses be­came more typ­i­cal and reg­u­lar­ized. With the de­mand for pro­fes­sors knowl­edge­able in the his­tory of ar­chi­tec­ture, sev­eral Ph.D. pro­grams in schools of ar­chi­tec­ture arose in order to dif­fer­en­ti­ate them­selves from art his­tory Ph.D. pro­grams, where ar­chi­tec­tural his­to­ri­ans had pre­vi­ously trained. In the US, MIT and Cornell were the first, cre­ated in the mid 1970s, fol­lowed by Columbia, Berkeley, and Princeton. Among the founders of new ar­chi­tec­tural his­tory pro­grams were Bruno Zevi at the In­sti­tute for the His­tory of Ar­chi­tec­ture in Venice, Stan­ford An­der­son and Henry Mil­lon at MIT, Alexan­der Tzo­nis at the Architectural Association, An­thony Vi­dler at Prince­ton, Manfredo Tafuri at the Uni­ver­sity of Venice, Kenneth Frampton at Columbia University, and Werner Oech­slin and Kurt Forster at ETH Zürich.

Auditorio de Tenerife Seitlich

The cre­ation of these pro­grams was par­al­leled by the hir­ing, in the 1970s, of pro­fes­sion­ally trained his­to­ri­ans by schools of ar­chi­tec­ture: Mar­garet Craw­ford (with a Ph.D. from U.C.L.A) at SCI-Arc; Elis­a­beth Gross­man (Ph.D., Brown Uni­ver­sity) at Rhode Is­land School of Design; Chris­t­ian Otto (Ph.D., Co­lum­bia Uni­ver­sity) at Cornell University; Richard Chafee (Ph.D., Cour­tauld In­sti­tute) at Roger Williams University; and Howard Burns (M.A. Kings Col­lege) at Harvard, to name just a few ex­am­ples. A sec­ond gen­er­a­tion of schol­ars then emerged that began to ex­tend these ef­forts in the di­rec­tion of what is now called «theory”: K. Michael Hays (Ph.D., MIT) at Har­vard, Mark Wigley (Ph.D., Auck­land Uni­ver­sity) at Prince­ton (now at Columbia University), and Beatriz Colomina (Ph.D., School of Ar­chi­tec­ture, Barcelona) at Prince­ton; Mark Jarzombek (Ph.D. MIT) at Cor­nell (now at MIT), Jen­nifer Bloomer (Ph.D., Geor­gia Tech) at Iowa State and Cather­ine In­gra­ham (Ph.D., Johns Hop­kins) now at Pratt Institute.

Postmodern Architecture: Restoring Context Princeton University Lecture

Postmodern Architecture and Urbanism University of California – Berkeley Lecture

(source: http://eng.archinform.net)